性能化防火设计在商场消防评估中的应用研究

本研究根据商场的建筑结构特点、功能要求、人员状况和消防设施情况,确定了保证人员安全疏散的安全目标。运用调查类比、理论分析和数值模拟等手段,依据国内外建筑防火规范、火灾科学的研究成果和施工图,针对商场的可燃物特性设定了火灾场景,进行了火灾过程模拟与人员疏散模拟研究。在设定的条件下,人员疏散是安全的。经过性能化防火设计与评估后,提高了商场的经济效益与社会效益,也体现了性能化方法的科学性、安全性与经济性。     

C2组织结构设计:平台-任务关系设计

以联合作战战役为例建立作战平台和任务模型,对C2(Command and Control)组织结构设计中平台-任务关系设计问题分析了传统多维动态列表规划算法(Multidimensional Dynamic List Scheduling,MDLS)在解决作战平台资源调度(平台-任务分配)问题的不足,提出了在平台-任务分配过程中采用任务选择平台组、平台选择任务以及两者选择冲突消除改进的MDLS算法,以解决MDLS算法的不足,并对不同方法的结果进行了比较.     

架构和模式在水声信息流仿真软件中的应用

水声信息流仿真软件系统涉及多目标、多声纳以及多变的海洋环境.仿真软件的复用性是现代软件工程的重要性能指标.针对系统开放性的特点,在领域分析模型的基础上,采用了面向对象方法设计仿真软件模型.为了满足软件多层次复用的需求,应用软件架构技术和设计模式设计仿真软件.根据水声信息流仿真软件需求,系统划分为四层结构;按功能,层又可分解为包.可复用的设计模式用于设计不同层和包中类之间的关系.提出的仿真软件模型具有良好的可扩充性与可复用性.     

基于面向对象技术的柴油机在线状态监测系统设计

将软件设计中的面向对象思想扩展到系统设计中,针对柴油机实车运行在线监测中的变速变载及空间有限等问题,基于CAN总线的可靠性、信息传输的实时性和多主工作方式,设计分布式智能监测节点和上位机监控中心．分布式监测节点同步采集柴油机运行数据并进行降噪和简单特征提取后,将实时采样数据和在线监测结果上传至基于嵌入式PCI04的上位机监控中心,进行二次特征提取和智能模式识别,从而实现柴油机在线状态监测与故障预警和诊断．     

A case study in bio-inspired engineering design: defense applications of exoskeletal sensors

As part of a bio-inspired design process, the authors examine exoskeletal sensors found in insects and their potential application to armor and hardened buildings. In this way, the outer hardening of a structure or vehicle would not limit the ability of occupants to arrive at an actionable picture of the outer environment. To this end, various sensor modalities employed by insects are compared and contrasted with their current human-engineered equivalents. In several sensing modalities, biosensors perform better, are smaller, and more energy efficient than human-engineered equivalents. They note that biological designs tend to employ non-linear response to signal amplitude and respond with heightened sensitivity over a greater dynamic range of signals than human-engineered sensors. The insect biological sensors have structural and mechanical innovations that preserve the protective capacity of the exoskeleton.     

Dual‐ascent and primal heuristics for production‐assembly‐distribution system design

This article proposes two dual‐ascent algorithms and uses each in combination with a primal drop heuristic embedded within a branch and bound framework to solve the uncapacitated production assembly distribution system (i.e., supply chain) design problem, which is formulated as a mixed integer program. Computational results indicate that one approach, which combines primal drop and dual‐ascent heuristics, can solve instances within reasonable time and prescribes solutions with gaps between the primal and dual solution values that are less than 0.15%, an efficacy suiting it for actual large‐scale applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

Comparison between constant‐stress and step‐stress accelerated life tests under Time Constraint

By running life tests at higher stress levels than normal operating conditions, accelerated life testing (ALT) quickly yields information on the lifetime distribution of a test unit. The lifetime at the design stress is then estimated through extrapolation using a regression model. In constant‐stress testing, a unit is tested at a fixed stress level until failure or the termination time point of test, whereas step‐stress testing allows the experimenter to gradually increase the stress levels at some prefixed time points during the test. In this work, the optimal k‐level constant‐stress and step‐stress ALTs are compared for the exponential failure data under complete sampling and Type‐I censoring. The objective is to quantify the advantage of using the step‐stress testing relative to the constant‐stress one. Assuming a log‐linear life–stress relationship with the cumulative exposure model for the effect of changing stress in step‐stress testing, the optimal design points are determined under C/D/A‐optimality criteria. The efficiency of step‐stress testing to constant‐stress one is then discussed in terms of the ratio of optimal objective functions based on the information matrix. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 00: 000–000, 2013     

消防给水系统设计审查及验收常见问题

消防给水系统是建筑给排水系统中的一个重要组成部分,是保障消防安全的基础设施.从消防设计审查的角度出发,提出消防给水设计中的常见问题以及设计中不太重视的消防排水问题;从消防验收的角度出发,列出消防工程验收过程中呈现的常见问题,以期引起重视.     

基于CC253O的烟雾传感器节点设计与实现

随着社会发展对消防安全的要求越来越高,实时地采集传输监测数据变得至关重要Ⅲ。本文针对现存的烟雾传感器节点可靠性差、准确率低、电路复杂,不易组网,并且在很多特定区域无法安装等问题,提出了基于CC2530的烟雾监测节点设计方案,并完成了以CC2530射频芯片为核心的烟雾传感器节点的硬、软件设计。实验测试证明,该节点满足无线消防监测系统的需要,具有高可靠性、低功耗以及低成本的特点,有着较好的应用前景。     

浅谈新课标下高中物理实验探究教学

在新课程改革中,新课标下的物理教材,更充分地体现出以学生为主体的原则。本文从开展探究性实验教学;实验教学引入不要拘泥于传统、强化实验创新设计等几方面阐述了如何在物理实验教学中培养学生的创新能力。